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How can we use artificial intelligence in learning?

What do artificial intelligence and ChatGPT mean for you as an educator? How can we use artificial intelligence for teaching, learning and assessment in a constructive way?

Picture generated by the AI picture-generator DALL-E, after this instruction: "A robot typing on a keyboard in front of a big PC, digital art".
Picture generated by the AI picture-generator DALL-E, after this instruction: "A robot typing on a keyboard in front of a big PC, digital art".

AI and Spring 2023 exams

Regulations for the exam spring 2023

See the news article on min.usn.no with clarifications about the exam and ChatGPT. (Norwegian, Login required)

Why is it important for me to know about chatbots like ChatGPT?

The technology is here to stay.

We need to understand what AI can do and what it can't. ChatGPT is a tool, and does not provide learning per se.
Therefore, it is important to ask yourself the questions:

  • What can this technology do?
  • How can I use it?
  • For teaching, in the learning process, for assessment?

What do I need to do as an educator?

Familiarise yourself with how the technology works, what opportunities it offers – but also what challenges it offers. Many people who have already tested the technology have discovered various aspects of ChatGPT. What does ChatGPT mean to you in your course?

 

Specifically: Feed in last semester's exam paper into ChatGPT and see what you get in response!

Please see the resource A Teacher's prompt guide to ChatGPT aligned with what works best developed by St. Joseph's College of Engineering.

You should also inform students about the clarification of rules for cheating and artificial intelligence, which are referred to above.

What is AI?

Artificial intelligence (AI) is technology that tries to mimic human intelligence. AI consists of an engine (program code) that uses very advanced computer models to work out something. AI can be used to understand speech as we speak into a microphone and translate it into text. AI can be used by a car to try to understand what are objects in the roadway, and thus navigate the car safely, completely automatically. AI can be used by a robotic lawn mower to become increasingly better at mowing the lawn, based on obstacles and experiences the lawn mower makes. AI is constantly gaining new areas of application. AI can also be created with many different approaches, and requires an enormous amount of computing power to reason. In recent years, mobile phones have become powerful enough to perform AI operations and we are seeing more and more AI applications in our mobiles, such as Alexa or Siri which are personal assistants that we can ask for various things.

What is ChatGPT?

ChatGPT allows the user to ask questions in writing, and then creates an answer on the fly.

Go to chat.openai.com and create an account (free) to use ChatGPT version 3.5.

ChatGPT is a web-based tool that, among other things, uses artificial intelligence to conduct a dialogue. The tool is made by OpenAI, originally established by, among others, Elon Musk (who owns Tesla). For this, it uses underlying computer models, data, everything it has learned from the ongoing conversation and a number of advanced techniques. Since the data models are constantly changing, and the dialogue that takes place with the user affects the result, ChatGPT will not give the same answer to two people who ask the same answer, or the same answer if you ask again later. Thus, it is not possible to verify the result of a conversation with ChatGPT. Many people are surprised at how much ChatGPT can answer, and how rich and precise the answers are. The engine can also answer incorrectly or partially incorrectly, the constant improvements make the answers better and better. ChatGPT is just one of many tools that use artificial intelligence, but ChatGPT has received a lot of attention because it represents a whole new level of complexity compared to what the general public has had available in the past. ChatGPT is the first open available tool of this kind.

ChatGPT and GDPR

The Data Protection Officer at USN has approved the following information about ChatGPT and GDPR:

Incidental use – not GDPR

We don't make GDPR clarifications of external learning resources that students might want to use, so occasional use of ChatGPT doesn't need such a GDPR clarification as far as I can tell. In other words, if a student single-handedly uses ChatGPT or others, it is beyond our control.

Planned use - GDPR is an issue

However, if a teacher intends for the students to use, for example, ChatGPT as part of teaching/assessment (i.e. that this is a tool that MUST be used by the students), then GDPR comes in as a topic and a clarification must be made with the data protection officer. When creating an account using ChatGPT, email address and other personal data are recorded. They ask for email, first name, last name, date of birth and phone number, and also store technical data about machine, IP address etc.

The Data Protection Officer reminds us that there are also issues surrounding any personal data that is in, or can be inferred from, the search string given to the AI engine. There will be clarifications, including from the European Data Protection Authorities, but there is some time to come. 
 
 The Data Protection Officer at USN says: If any environments with us want to use ChatGPT in teaching, they will be responsible for ensuring that the privacy regulations are followed. At the moment there is a lot of unknown here, so I recommend caution. I can be invited to look at specific cases/contribute to the best possible compliance (I need to learn more about this anyway).

Resources

There's a lot of stuff about artificial intelligence and ChatGPT these days. Here we gather some selected resources.

Webinars at USN

TEACHING/DISCUSSION ARRANGEMENTS

SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES

BLOGG

How can we use artificial intelligence in learning?